Didrachm

Historical Context: This silver didrachm was issued by Velia, a prominent Greek polis in Lucania, Magna Graecia, between 400 BC and 340 BC. This period represents a zenith for Velia, characterized by economic prosperity, significant maritime trade, and its renowned Eleatic school of philosophy. The city's substantial output of silver coinage, with the didrachm as a key denomination, underscored its economic vitality and cultural influence amidst complex political interactions with neighboring indigenous tribes and other Greek cities in Southern Italy.

Artistry: The coin exemplifies the refined late Classical style prevalent in Magna Graecia. While specific engravers for this type are not always identifiable, the artistry reflects the high standards of Velian die-cutters. The obverse typically features a finely rendered head of Athena, often adorned with a crested Attic helmet decorated with a griffin, embodying the city's reverence. The reverse commonly depicts a powerful lion, a symbol of strength, executed with remarkable naturalism and anatomical detail, characteristic of the era's numismatic art.

Technical/Grading: Struck on a 21 mm flan and weighing 7.58 grams, consistent with the didrachm standard, this issue exhibits typical Velian fabric. Key high-points for wear or strike weakness include the crest and griffin on Athena's helmet, her facial features, and the lion's mane and musculature. A well-struck example will show full detail in these areas, often a challenge given the high relief. Centering and die state are critical factors in assessing technical quality, with sharp details indicating a fresh die and strong strike.