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Denier - Pepin the Short Verdun mint, VIRDVN

发行方 Unified Carolingian Empire
年份 751-768
类型 Standard circulation coin
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背面描述 The reverse displays the mint name VIRDVN arranged in two lines around a central cross pattée, whose arms terminate in pellets or wedge-shaped serifs, a hallmark of Carolingian mint design under Pepin the Short. The letters are distributed in the four quadrants formed by the cross, reading VIR to the upper left and right, DVN to the lower field, with individual pellet stops between groups. The cross itself is raised and boldly struck, serving as the dominant compositional element. A beaded border surrounds the design, conforming to the irregular outline of the flan. The overall layout follows the standard Carolingian cross-and-mint-name type associated with the Verdun workshop.
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铸造量 ND (751-768)
附加信息

Pépin III — who deposed the last Merovingian king Childeric III in 751 with papal blessing — reformed Frankish coinage by shifting authority from local moneyers to royal control, a centralizing move that prefigured the more sweeping monetary reforms of his son Charlemagne. The Verdun mint was strategically positioned on the Meuse, a node in long-distance trade routes running between the Rhineland and the west Frankish heartland.

Verdun would later enter history for grimmer reasons, but under Pépin it functioned as a productive royal mint. The relatively high number of reference citations for this type reflects genuine scholarly interest in pinning down Pépin-era attributions, which remain contested at the margins.

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