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Denier - Pepin the Short Verdun mint, VIRDVN
| Issuer | Unified Carolingian Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 751-768 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Denier (1⁄240) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central field bears a bold monogram composed of the letters R and F in raised relief, abbreviating Rex Francorum (King of the Franks), rendered in the angular Carolingian epigraphic style typical of Pepin the Short's coinage. A small cross or crosslet device appears above the monogram. The entire design is enclosed within a beaded border following the irregular hammered flan. No portrait or effigy is present, consistent with the aniconic character of early Carolingian deniers. The die work is robust but somewhat uneven, reflecting hand-hammering workshop production. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse displays the mint name VIRDVN arranged in two lines around a central cross pattée, whose arms terminate in pellets or wedge-shaped serifs, a hallmark of Carolingian mint design under Pepin the Short. The letters are distributed in the four quadrants formed by the cross, reading VIR to the upper left and right, DVN to the lower field, with individual pellet stops between groups. The cross itself is raised and boldly struck, serving as the dominant compositional element. A beaded border surrounds the design, conforming to the irregular outline of the flan. The overall layout follows the standard Carolingian cross-and-mint-name type associated with the Verdun workshop. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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