Denier - Pepin the Short Narbonne mint

Pépin III seized the Frankish throne in 751 by deposing the last Merovingian king, Childeric III, with papal backing — a transaction that reshaped European political authority for centuries. Narbonne, captured from the Visigoths and then held under Arab suzerainty since 719, was only recovered for the Franks in 759 after its Gothic population expelled the Muslim garrison themselves, making this mint's output a direct marker of the city's reintegration into Carolingian territory.

The Narbonne attribution in Gariel and Morrison places this among the geographically peripheral issues of Pépin's coinage reform, struck in a city that had spent four decades outside Frankish control entirely.