Catalog
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| Issuer | Unified Carolingian Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 751-768 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by a large monogram composed of the letters R and F, with a cross element integrated into the design, all rendered in crude hammered relief characteristic of early Carolingian coinage. The monogram, abbreviating REX FRANCORUM (King of the Franks), occupies the majority of the flan. A border of prominent pellets encircles the central device, forming an inner beaded ring. The flan is irregular in shape, as typical of hand-struck deniers of this period. |
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| Obverse lettering | Rx F (Translation: King of the Franks.) |
| Reverse description | A bold, plain cross with expanded arms occupies the central field, dividing the reverse into four quarters. The legend SCI CRVCIS, abbreviating SANCTAE CRUCIS (Holy Cross), is distributed around the cross in the surrounding field, referencing the Holy Cross Abbey under whose authority this issue was struck. The lettering is crude and somewhat irregular, consistent with early Carolingian hammered technique. A partial beaded border is visible at the periphery of the irregular flan. |
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