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Denier - Louis III the Blind as emperor, Vienne mint
| Issuer | Lower Burgundy, Kingdom of |
|---|---|
| Year | 901-905 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | A plain, broad cross with wide arms is depicted at the center of the field, enclosed within a beaded inner circle surmounted by a small decorative element at the top, possibly a crown or fleur-de-lis motif. The legend VIENNΛ CIVIS encircles the beaded inner border, identifying the mint city of Vienne. The lettering is rendered in Carolingian majuscule, with the characteristic use of a reversed or archaic lambda for the letter A, common in coinage of this era. The overall design follows the standard Carolingian denier type established under the preceding dynasty. |
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| Mint | Vienne |
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| Additional information |
Louis III — "the Blind" — was crowned emperor by Pope Benedict IV in 901, a title that brought him little practical power and considerable misfortune. His Italian ambitions ended in 905 when Berengar I captured him near Verona, had him blinded, and sent him back across the Alps a broken man. These deniers, struck at Vienne during the precise window between his imperial coronation and that mutilation, represent the full span of his imperial dignity — roughly four years before Berengar's soldiers held him down at the Adda crossing.