Denier - Karolus III

Charles III of Austria — the Habsburg claimant backed by England, the Dutch Republic, and Portugal — issued these deniers from Barcelona during the War of the Spanish Succession, when he controlled Catalonia and Valencia but precious little else of the Iberian peninsula. The small copper output from this period reflects a fragile administration minting under active military threat; Bourbon forces would ultimately prevail, and Philip V's 1716 Nueva Planta decrees abolished the Crown of Aragon's separate institutions entirely.

Cal#57 places this among the rarer Barcelona issues of the contested reign.