Denier Bracteate - John

Historical Context: This Denier Bracteate was issued during John (Johann) of Brunswick-Luneburg's reign (1252-1277). This era, coinciding with the Holy Roman Empire's Interregnum, saw regional princes, like the Welf dukes, solidify territorial control and minting rights. John, a son of Otto the Child, was crucial in establishing the Brunswick line. His coinage reflects the principality's growing economic autonomy, with bracteates dominating northern German commerce due to their local suitability and frequent recoinage.

Artistry: The artistry of this bracteate, typical of 13th-century German mints, reflects a transition towards early Gothic stylistic elements. No specific engraver is known; the design was executed by a skilled die-cutter adhering to local traditions. Due to the thin, single-sided silver fabric, designs are inherently simplified, focusing on essential heraldic or symbolic motifs. Brunswick bracteates of this era commonly feature a central lion (the Welf emblem), a cross, or a simplified bust, rendered with bold, schematic quality.

Technical/Grading: Weighing 0.49 grams, this silver bracteate exemplifies grading challenges for fragile medieval coinage. High-points, typically the raised central elements, are highly susceptible to wear, flattening, and creasing. Technical strike quality is often variable; bracteates frequently exhibit areas of weakness or flatness, especially towards the edges, due to the single-die striking process on a thin flan. Irregular flan shapes and off-center strikes are common. Preservation of full design and minimal bending are crucial grading considerations.