Denier - Bardo et empereur Conrad II Mayence

Bardo served as Archbishop of Mainz from 1031 until his death in 1051, and this denier reflects the peculiar constitutional arrangement of the Ottonian and early Salian church: archbishops of Mainz held imperial coinage rights, meaning Bardo struck coins jointly in his own name and that of Conrad II — and later, after Conrad's death in 1039, the same dies continued circulating under Henry III without immediate revision. The Mainz mint was among the most productive in the Reich during this period, feeding commerce along the Rhine.