Catalog
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Denier
| Issuer | Holy Roman Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 1000-1100 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Denier (Pfennig) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
| Orientation | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central cross pattée within a beaded inner circle, surrounded by a Latin legend in the outer field. The lettering is boldly struck in the hammered style typical of 11th-century Imperial deniers, with individual characters distributed around the circumference. The overall design is characteristic of Ottonian and Salian period coinage, with the cross serving as the primary religious and political symbol of Imperial authority. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Long cross extending to the inner border, dividing the field into four quarters, each containing a combination of pellets and annulets. A beaded inner circle frames the central motif, with a partially legible Latin legend distributed around the outer margin. The arrangement of dots and circles in the quadrants is a hallmark of 11th-century Holy Roman Empire pfennig coinage, reflecting the standardized yet locally variable die-cutting practices of Imperial mints of the period. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Log in to see details |
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