Bolognino - Camille of Aragon and Giovanni Sforza

Historical Context: This Bolognino, issued by the City of Pesaro (1483-1489), signifies the joint lordship of Giovanni Sforza and his wife, Camilla of Aragon. Giovanni, Lord of Pesaro, was a key figure in late 15th-century Italian States. His marriage to Camilla, daughter of King Ferdinand I of Naples, forged a strategic alliance, highlighting Pesaro's diplomatic ties and the Sforza family's ambition to consolidate regional power amidst rivalries. This coinage served as a tangible symbol of their authority and dynastic legitimacy.

Artistry: The Bolognino's design reflects early Italian Renaissance numismatic trends, transitioning from medieval heraldry towards refined, idealized representations. While the engraver is anonymous, common for the era, the coin likely features the Sforza arms, a civic emblem, or a religious motif, typical for this denomination. The small 17 mm flan required a compact yet impactful design, striving for clarity despite contemporary die-cutting limitations.

Technical/Grading: As a hammered silver coin (0.65 gg), this Bolognino frequently displays characteristic strike variations. High-points for wear and strike quality typically include the highest relief elements of any depicted arms, monograms, or figures, such as a crown or crest. Collectors should assess the sharpness of legends and central motifs, as weak strikes or planchet irregularities, including minor off-centering, are common. Patina is also crucial for evaluating preservation and eye appeal.