Asper / Akce - Hajji Girai

Caffa — the Genoese-administered Black Sea port on the Crimean coast — occupied an unusual position in the mid-fifteenth century: nominally under Genoese commercial authority while simultaneously dependent on Tatar political protection. This coin was struck under Hajji Girai, founder of the independent Crimean Khanate, who spent much of the 1430s and 1440s consolidating power against rival Tatar claimants backed by the Golden Horde. Caffa's mint issuing coinage in his name reflects the practical arrangement the city maintained — paying tribute and acknowledging Girai sovereignty while preserving its own administrative machinery.

The khanate's formal break from the disintegrating Golden Horde came around 1441.