As - Augustus PAX IVL, Pax Iulia

Pax Iulia — modern Beja in southern Portugal — was a Roman colonial foundation whose very name honored Augustus, established as part of the systematic pacification and urbanization of Lusitania following the Cantabrian Wars. The city held the right to strike its own bronze coinage, a privilege extended to select Iberian municipalities as a practical solution to chronic small-denomination shortages that Rome's own mints had no interest in filling.

Production at Pax Iulia was limited enough that the series is genuinely scarce today. The civic magistrates responsible for the issue are named on surviving specimens — a detail that makes these coins primary documents of local Roman administration in a province still being absorbed into imperial structures.