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Æ22 - Caracalla ΕΠΙ ΡΟΥΦΟΥ ϹΑΡΔΙΑΝΩΝ Β ΝΕΩΚΟΡΩΝ
| Issuer | Sardes (Conventus of Sardis) |
|---|---|
| Year | 198-217 |
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| Composition | Bronze |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Demeter standing left in full figure, her robes falling in long folds, holding a bundle of wheat ears in her extended right hand and a long sceptre in her left. A serpent is depicted at her feet, a symbol closely associated with chthonic and fertility cults in Asia Minor. The reverse type reflects the agricultural and religious significance of Demeter in the Sardian civic tradition. The surrounding Greek legend identifies the magistrate and the city's neocorate status. |
| Reverse script | Greek |
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| Additional information |
Sardis held the title of neokoros — official keeper of an imperial cult temple — twice by the time Caracalla reigned, a distinction the city fought hard to retain against rival Lydian centers. The second neokorate, reflected in the Β ΝΕΩΚΟΡΩΝ formula, was awarded under circumstances that remain debated, with some scholars attributing it to Caracalla's own visit to the eastern provinces around 215 AD. The magistrate named in the inscription, Rufus, was almost certainly a local strategos or grammateus whose term in office is the primary means of dating issues within this series.