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Æ 19 - Gordian III and Abgar X Edessa
| Issuer | Kingdom of Osroene, Edessa Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 239-242 |
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| Currency | Drachm |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Greek |
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| Reverse description | Draped bust of Abgar X Phraates, king of Osroene, facing right, wearing a diadem or tiara characteristic of Parthian-influenced royal portraiture of the region. The bust is rendered in a local artistic style distinct from Roman imperial convention, reflecting the hybrid Greco-Parthian cultural milieu of Edessa. A Greek legend surrounding the field reads ΑΒΓΑΡΟϹ ΒΑϹΙΛΕΥϹ, meaning 'Abgar the King.' The reverse illustrates the unique vassal relationship between the Kingdom of Osroene and the Roman Empire during the reign of Gordian III. |
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| Additional information |
Osroene had been a Roman client kingdom for decades by the time Gordian III's reign began, its ruling Abgarid dynasty walking a careful line between Roman authority and local autonomy. This coin is among the last issues to depict a reigning Abgar alongside a Roman emperor — the kingdom was formally annexed and the dynasty extinguished shortly after, likely around 242 AD, ending nearly four centuries of Abgarid rule from Edessa.