80 000 Pesetas - Juan Carlos I Hammer minting

This piece was issued as part of Spain's 1992 commemorative program, one of the most ambitious minting campaigns in the country's modern history, coinciding with the Barcelona Olympics, the Seville Expo, and the quincentenary of Columbus's first voyage. The Royal Mint released dozens of collector issues that year across multiple metals and denominations, flooding the market to a degree that suppressed secondary values almost immediately.

The hammer minting technique — *martillo* striking — deliberately referenced medieval Castilian coinage practice, a method abandoned in Spain after mechanized screw presses were introduced at the Segovia mint in the late sixteenth century.