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8 Escudos - Ferdinand VII Countermarked on Chile 8 Escudos
| Issuer | Manila Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 1832-1834 |
| Type | Emergency coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
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| Reverse lettering | POR LA RAZON, O LA FUERZA · So · 8E · I · 1826 · (Translation: By right or might.) |
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| Additional information |
The Philippine countermark program of the early 1830s was a direct response to a chronic shortage of locally produced coinage in the archipelago. Rather than strike entirely new gold coins, the Manila Mint applied a crowned "F7" countermark to circulating South American 8 escudos — Chilean pieces being among the most commonly encountered in Pacific trade routes at the time. The countermark validated foreign gold for continued legal circulation under Ferdinand VII's authority in the colonial Philippines.
Chilean 8 escudos of this period were themselves products of the Santiago Mint's post-independence transition, adding a layer of political irony: royalist countermarks applied to coins struck by a newly independent republic.