50 Céntimos Pedro Muñoz

Pedro Muñoz is a small agricultural town in La Mancha, and its municipal council issued emergency small-change notes during the Civil War to compensate for the chronic shortage of metallic coinage that crippled retail trade across Republican-held Spain from 1936 onward. The central government's inability to keep fractional coin in circulation pushed hundreds of municipalities into printing their own vales and billetes de necesidad — some professionally produced, most emphatically not.

The Gari Montaner catalogue reference is incomplete here, suggesting this piece may be unconfirmed or only recently documented. Thick card stock was typical of municipal issues where printing resources were improvised and longevity of the substrate mattered more than sophistication of the press.