5 Chiao Hainan Bank

Hainan Bank was a Nationalist-aligned regional institution operating on Hainan Island during the final, chaotic phase of the Chinese Civil War. By 1949, the KMT's position on the mainland had collapsed, and Hainan briefly served as a fallback territory — the island didn't fall to PLA forces until May 1950. Notes from this issuer circulated in an economy already anticipating military defeat.

The choice of Hongkong Painting Press (1946) Ltd. as printer reflects how thoroughly Nationalist institutions had come to rely on Hong Kong's commercial printing trade when mainland facilities were no longer secure or accessible.