4 Pfennig

1622 places this squarely in the Kipper- und Wipperzeit, the currency crisis that swept the Holy Roman Empire as mints and money-changers systematically debased coinage to exploit fixed exchange rates. Municipal authorities across Westphalia issued emergency copper fractions to fill the void left by disappearing silver. Paderborn, then a prince-bishopric whose city retained limited minting rights, was among dozens of issuers flooding circulation with small-denomination copper pieces of questionable authority.

The Schwede and Weingärtner references confirm this as a documented local type rather than an unofficial imitation — a distinction that matters, as the period produced both in abundance.