32 Rati Nasir Al-Din Mahmud Shah

Nasir al-Din Mahmud Shah ruled Jaunpur at the height of its rivalry with the Delhi Sultanate under the Sayyid and later Lodi dynasties — a prolonged contest for control of the Gangetic plain that shaped the political geography of northern India for decades. The Sharqi sultans of Jaunpur cultivated a sophisticated court culture during this period, but their coinage remained stubbornly practical, struck in debased billon fractions calibrated to the rati weight system inherited from pre-Sultanate merchant practice.

The 32-rati denomination places this piece at an interesting intersection of Islamic monetary convention and indigenous metrology.