30 Réis - Maria II Countermarked over 1/2 Tanga

Historical Context: Issued in Portuguese India between 1850 and 1853, this 30 Réis coin reflects a crucial monetary adjustment during Queen Maria II's reign. The countermark signifies a revaluation of existing 1/2 Tanga coinage, a local Goan denomination, to the standard Portuguese Réis system. This action aimed to streamline colonial financial administration and integrate overseas possessions with the metropolitan economy, reflecting economic pressures and a potential shortage of new coinage in the mid-19th century.

Artistry: The "artistry" of this coin is fundamentally utilitarian. The countermark, typically a simple "30" numeral, was applied with a functional punch, prioritizing clarity over aesthetic detail. While the underlying 1/2 Tanga host coin would have featured colonial motifs like a crowned shield, the countermark's design emphasizes immediate recognition of its new denomination. This pragmatic approach reflects the urgent need for currency reform rather than elaborate engraving, characteristic of emergency colonial issues.

Technical/Grading: The legibility and strength of the countermark are paramount for collectors. High-points include the raised edges of the "30" numeral and any visible details of the host coin's original design. Due to the countermarking process, strike quality varies from deeply impressed and clear to weak or off-center. Copper planchets often exhibit surface irregularities, and the force of the countermark can cause distortion or cracks, all critical factors in assessing a coin's grade and authenticity.