25 Kopiiok without mintmark

Ukraine's first post-Soviet coinage was prepared before the country had established functioning mint infrastructure of its own. The earliest 25 kopiiok pieces were struck at the Lugansk Cartridge Factory — a munitions plant repurposed for coin production — while a dedicated mint was still years from operation. Issues lacking a mintmark correspond to this transitional arrangement, before the Luhansk facility began applying its own identifying mark.