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20 Para - Selim III French Occupation

Issuer Ottoman Empire - Eyalet of Egypt
Year 1800-1801
Type Standard circulation coin
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Reverse description The reverse bears multi-line Arabic inscriptions in the central field recording the mint name and date of issue, divided across several lines in the traditional Ottoman manner. The regnal year (Year 13 or 14) appears prominently alongside the Hijri accession year 1203, with the mint epithet indicating striking at Misr (Egypt). The legends are enclosed within a plain inner border and a prominent beaded outer rim consistent with the obverse, giving the coin a uniform decorative frame on both sides.
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Mint Misr (Cairo) Mint
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Additional information

Napoleon's Egyptian campaign left the Ottoman monetary system in Cairo in a state of administrative chaos. When French forces occupied Egypt from 1798, they initially relied on existing Ottoman coinage but soon found local mint operations disrupted enough to require intervention. This billon issue — debased silver well below standard — reflects the degraded monetary conditions of the occupation period rather than any deliberate French policy decision.

The Misr mint continued operating under nominal Ottoman authority even as French administrators held practical control, an awkward jurisdictional fiction that ended with the British-assisted Ottoman reconquest in 1801.

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