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20 Mark F. Thörl's Vereinigte Harburger Oelfabriken
| Issuer | F. Thörl's Vereinigte Harburger Oelfabriken Aktiengesellschaft |
|---|---|
| Year | 1918 |
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| Value | 20 Marks |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Gutschein über Mark 20.– (Zwanzig Mark) Vereinigte Harburger Oelfabriken Harburg, 11. November 1918. F. Thörl's Vereinigte Harburger Oelfabriken Aktiengesellschaft. F. C. Bertram, Harburg. |
| Reverse description | The reverse is printed on plain cream paper within a simple repeating oval-link black border. The text, set entirely in Gothic Fraktur script, advises that the voucher is redeemable at the local branch of the Hannoversche Bank from 2 January 1919, with a final redemption deadline of 1 February 1919. A large violet overprint reading 'Ungültig' (Invalid) is applied across the upper portion of the field, indicating cancellation of this example. |
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| Comments |
This note was issued by a private industrial firm, not a bank — F. Thörl's Vereinigte Harburger Oelfabriken was one of Germany's major vegetable oil processors, based in Harburg on the Elbe. In 1918, the acute shortage of small-denomination Reichsmark coinage drove thousands of German municipalities, companies, and institutions to print their own Notgeld, and industrial employers were among the most active issuers, using the scrip largely to pay wages when official currency was simply unavailable in workable quantities.
Printed locally by F. C. Bertram of Harburg, this is functional emergency money in the most literal sense — a payroll instrument issued by a factory to keep production running.