2 Mun Jeon, Hoard

The 2 Mun coins of this decade were produced under a decentralized minting system in which dozens of government offices, military bureaus, and provincial agencies each operated their own furnaces — a deliberate policy intended to flood the economy with enough copper cash to displace the barter and cloth-currency habits that had persisted in rural Korea for centuries. The result was chronic inconsistency in alloy quality and striking pressure across issuing authorities, which is precisely why hoard finds remain the most reliable source for type attribution.

Hoard context here matters: coins withdrawn from circulation together tend to share a narrow issue window, helping pin the KM#1062 and 1070 variants to specific casting bureaus within the otherwise sprawling Yeongjo-era production run.