2 Groats - Philip the Good

Philip the Good's long tenure as Duke of Brabant was administratively marked by persistent monetary disorder across the Low Countries, with competing issues from Flanders, Holland, and the ecclesiastical mints creating chronic confusion in daily commerce. His monetary ordinances of the 1430s attempted to impose coherent billon standards across his accumulated territories — this issue was a direct product of that regulatory effort.

The .479 fine silver content places it squarely in the pragmatic middle ground Philip favored: enough silver to maintain credibility, little enough to stretch ducal revenues.