1000 Francs - type 1862 black indexes

The type 1862 series marked Banque de France's move toward more sophisticated anti-counterfeiting engraving after a wave of forgeries had embarrassed the institution in the 1850s. Jacques-Jean Barre was the Graveur Général de la Monnaie — his involvement borrowed from the mint's own tradition of intaglio craftsmanship rather than the commercial printing trade.

"Black indexes" distinguishes this issue by the color of its serial number and reference marks — a production variable used internally to track print runs across what became a fifteen-year emission window, unusually long even by Banque de France standards.