10 Céntimos Torreperogil

Torreperogil is a small olive-growing municipality in Jaén province, Andalusia. This note belongs to the vast category of Spanish Civil War local emergency fractional currency — the *billetes de necesidad* — issued between 1936 and 1939 when the Republican zone experienced an acute shortage of metallic coinage, particularly centimos. With the Madrid government unable to supply adequate small change to every town and village in its territory, municipal councils, trade unions, and local committees took matters into their own hands.

The Gari catalog remains the authoritative reference for these Andalusian provincial emissions, and the 1464-B designation suggests at least a second recognized variety for this denomination from Torreperogil. Survival rates for these hyper-local issues vary enormously — some villages printed only a few hundred pieces, others several thousand, and wartime destruction, post-war confiscation, and simple discard have made many near-impossible to locate today.