1 Văn - Chinh Hòa

Chinh Hòa was the reign title of Lê Hy Tông, who ruled from 1676 to 1705 — one of the longer reigns of the restored Lê dynasty, a period when the Trịnh lords held effective power in the north while the Nguyễn dominated the south. Coins issued under Chinh Hòa were produced in substantial quantities over those decades, which complicates precise dating within the reign. Zinc cash of this type circulated alongside cast copper pieces, zinc being a pragmatic substitute when copper supplies were constrained by the demands of the competing regional powers.