1 Uncia Augur / Sacrificial implements

The fractional bronze issues attributed to uncertain Etruscan mints in the mid-third century BC were produced at a moment when Rome's monetary influence was pressing hard into northern Italy, pushing local communities to formalize coinage systems they had previously managed without. This piece belongs to a group that scholars have long struggled to assign with confidence — the "uncertain Etruscan" attribution itself reflects genuine disagreement, with Populonia, Vetulonia, and several smaller centers all proposed at various points.

Haeberlin's foundational work on aes grave remains the starting point for any serious study of this series, though his attributions have been revised repeatedly since publication in 1910.