1 Tournose - Walram of Jülich

Walram von Jülich served as Archbishop of Cologne from 1332 until his death in 1349, presiding over a see that was one of the most financially and politically powerful ecclesiastical territories in the Holy Roman Empire. The tournose — derived from the French gros tournois first struck at Tours under Louis IX — had by the mid-14th century become the dominant large silver denomination across the Rhineland, with ecclesiastical mints competing aggressively to produce credible local variants. Cologne's archbishops held imperial mint rights, and Walram exploited them fully during a period of chronic warfare and territorial debt.

Noss Cologne II #68 places this piece within a well-documented typological sequence, though surviving examples in consistent condition are not plentiful.