1 Thaler - Ernest of Bavaria

Historical Context: The 1554 Thaler of Ernest of Bavaria from Glatz (Kłodzko) reflects the complex mid-16th century Central European political landscape. Ernest, a Wittelsbach prince, held numerous ecclesiastical and secular titles, including Administrator of Salzburg and Count of Glatz. Glatz, a Bohemian crown land, saw Ernest's rule as an intersection of Habsburg imperial authority and princely-ecclesiastical influence during the Reformation. Issuing this substantial silver coinage asserted his sovereign rights and economic power.

Artistry: This Thaler exemplifies the robust German Renaissance numismatic style. While a specific engraver for the Glatz mint in 1554 is not identified, the design adheres to the period’s aesthetic. The obverse typically features a dignified, often armored, bust of Ernest, rendered with meticulous facial features and vestments. The reverse displays an elaborate, multi-quartered coat of arms, combining Bavaria, Freising, and Glatz heraldry, often surmounted by ecclesiastical regalia. Latin legends proclaim Ernest’s titles, reinforcing authority.

Technical/Grading: From a technical perspective, the 1554 Glatz Thaler is struck on a broad silver flan. High-points for grading include the highest relief areas of Ernest’s portrait: hair, nose, and armor details. On the reverse, intricate heraldic elements—small charges within shields, crowns, and animal figures—are crucial. Due to high relief and variable strike pressure, weakness is often observed on opposing sides, particularly in peripheral legends or less prominent coat of arms details. Original mint luster, when present, shows a satiny, granular quality.