Catalog
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| Issuer | Mughal Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 1638-1639 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 11.4 g |
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| Obverse description | Central square cartouche containing the royal epithet 'Badshah Ghazi Shah Jahan' in Arabic script. The name and titles of the emperor — Shahabuddin Muhammad Sahib-i-Qiran Sani — are arranged in a circular or marginal legend reading from left to right around the central square. The mint name Bhakkar appears at the bottom, accompanied by the regnal year (RY) 12, corresponding to AH 1049 (1638–1639 CE). The calligraphy is rendered in the formal Nastaliq or Naskh style characteristic of Mughal imperial coinage. |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Central square cartouche containing the Kalima Tayyiba (the Islamic declaration of faith: 'La ilaha illa Allah, Muhammadur Rasul Allah') in Arabic script. The names of the first four Rightly Guided Caliphs of Islam — Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali — are inscribed one at each corner of the design, a hallmark feature of Mughal rupee coinage of this period. The overall composition is formal and devotional, reflecting the established Mughal practice of combining Sunni Islamic legitimacy with imperial authority on the coinage. |
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| Mintage | ND - - 1048 (1638) - RY 11 - 1049 (1639) - RY 12 - |
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