1 Rupee - Muhammad Shah [Muhammad Ali]

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正面文字	Arabic
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背面描述	Reverse field divided by a horizontal cartouche bearing the mint name, with the regnal year inscribed above or below in Nastaliq script. A distinctive mint mark consisting of a bud or flower device appears above the letter Jim of the word 'Julus' (denoting the regnal year formula). The inscription records the place of issue and the year of the emperor's reign, consistent with standard Mughal-derived coinage practice used under the Nawabs of Arcot.
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附加信息	The Nawabdom of Carnatic occupied an increasingly fictional political space across the eighteenth century — nominally a Mughal dependency, in practice a battleground between French and British commercial ambitions, and ultimately a British client state in all but name. Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah, who held the nawabship from 1749 to 1795, financed his survival largely through loans from the Madras establishment, debts that eventually gave the East India Company effective control over Carnatic revenues well before formal annexation in 1801. The sixty-year striking window for KM#50 reflects the frozen regnal formula common to late Mughal-derived coinage, where the regal year and name changed little regardless of actual ruler.

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