1 Rupee - Mahmud Shah Kashmir

The Durrani Empire's grip on Kashmir was never comfortable. Ahmad Shah Durrani seized the valley from the Mughals in 1752, and by the reigns of Shah Mahmud — whose two separate reigns bookend a period of violent dynastic instability — Kashmir was governed more through tributary intimidation than direct administration. Coinage struck in the valley during this window reflects that instability; issues are inconsistently produced, with weight and die alignment varying considerably across the type.

KM#588 falls within the fractious 1216–1218 AH window, a period when Shah Mahmud held the throne only tenuously before losing it to his brother Shah Shuja.