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1 Rupee - Aurangzeb Tibet-i-Kalan / Ladakh

Issuer Mughal Empire
Year 1076
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Value 1 Rupee
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Obverse description Hammered silver flan bearing a multi-line Persian couplet legend in the field, known as the badr-e-munir couplet, reading 'Sikka Zad dar Jahan Chu Badr Munir Shah Aurangzeb Ala(gir),' meaning 'Struck in the world like the bright full Moon, Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir.' The Arabic script inscription is arranged in bold, deeply struck calligraphic lines across the slightly irregular round flan, with no portraiture, as is characteristic of Mughal imperial coinage adhering to Islamic convention. The surfaces show natural die wear and toning consistent with a hammered production technique.
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Reverse description Hammered reverse field bearing a multi-line Persian legend recording the regnal year and mint name, reading 'Sanah 8 Julus Maimanat Manus, Zarb Tibat Kalan,' indicating this coin was struck at the Tibet-Kalan (Little Tibet / Ladakh) mint during the 8th regnal year of Aurangzeb Alamgir's prosperous reign, corresponding to AH 1076 / AD 1665. The bold calligraphic Arabic script is arranged in two or more horizontal registers across the flan, consistent with standard Mughal hammered rupee reverse design. The irregular flan edges and characteristic die stress marks reflect the hand-struck production method typical of provincial Mughal mints.
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Mintage ND (1076) - RY 8, (1665 AD)
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