1 Riyal - Munassar 10mm Countermark

The Qu'aiti Sultanate, based in Mukalla on the Hadhramaut coast, lacked a mint of its own and relied heavily on countermarking foreign silver to authenticate currency for local trade. The "Munassar" punch — named for Sultan Awadh bin Umar al-Munassar — was applied to Maria Theresa Thalers and similar heavy silver trade coins already circulating across the Arabian Peninsula and East African coast. The host coin beneath the countermark is often more diagnostic than the punch itself for establishing provenance.