1 Real - Fernando VII Durango - Royalist coinage

Durango's royalist mint operated under siege conditions for much of the Mexican War of Independence, producing coinage to pay loyalist troops and assert Crown authority in a region constantly contested by insurgent forces. The mint functioned sporadically, which accounts for the often crude workmanship seen across the entire Durango royalist series — not carelessness, but the product of interrupted supply chains and rotating personnel.

Fernando VII never set foot in New Spain; coins struck in his name here were declarations of political allegiance as much as anything functional. By 1821, the Durango mint would be striking for an independent Mexico.