1 Quinarius - Imitating Diocletian, 284-305, and Maximian, 285-305

Germanic imitations of late Roman gold circulated widely along the frontier zones during the late third and early fourth centuries, produced by tribal workshops that had no interest in Roman denominational logic but understood gold's weight-based utility perfectly well. The quinarius format — half the aureus — was copied opportunistically, often from whatever coins entered the region through payment, trade, or plunder during the constant military pressures of Diocletian's frontier campaigns.

Attribution to specific tribal groups remains impossible in most cases. The Calicó reference is approximate, reflecting how thinly documented this imitative series remains in the scholarly literature.