1 pistole - Mary of Nemours

Historical Context: The 1694 1 Pistole of Mary of Nemours signifies her assertion of sovereignty over the Duchy of Neuchâtel. Marie d'Orléans-Longueville, Duchess of Nemours, inherited the principality in 1694, reigning until 1707. This gold issue, struck at the very outset of her rule, powerfully declared her ducal authority and independence amidst ongoing claims from the House of Brandenburg. Neuchâtel, a principality in personal union, maintained a unique status. The issuance of this high-value gold coin underscored the principality's economic standing and the prestige of its ruler.

Artistry: The coin's artistry reflects the prevalent late Baroque style of the period, influenced by French court aesthetics. While the engraver is typically uncredited, the obverse features a dignified, mature bust of Mary of Nemours, often facing right, rendered with a formal yet naturalistic approach, detailing her coiffure and drapery. The reverse typically displays the ducal arms of Neuchâtel, surmounted by a ducal crown, surrounded by the appropriate legends affirming her titles and the date. The overall design emphasizes royal dignity and the legitimacy of her rule through established heraldic and portrait conventions.

Technical/Grading: Struck in .917 fine gold, the 1694 pistole weighs 6.73 grams. Key high-points for grading include the hair details, the ear, cheekbone, and drapery folds on the obverse portrait. On the reverse, the crown elements, intricate shield details, and legend clarity are critical. Due to manual striking techniques of the era, variations in strike pressure are common. A well-struck example will exhibit sharp definition across the portrait and clear, complete legends, though minor planchet irregularities or slight peripheral weakness are typical for the period.