1 Pfennig - Ulrich VIII

Historical Context: The 1 Pfennig coin of Ulrich VIII, Count of Montfort-Rothenfels, issued between 1564 and 1574, represents a crucial period in the Holy Roman Empire. Ulrich VIII ruled a minor but independent county in Swabia, a region often fragmented into numerous small territories. The act of minting coinage, even small denominations like the Pfennig, was a significant assertion of a ruler's regalian rights and economic sovereignty. This era followed the Reformation, with local rulers increasingly consolidating power and establishing their own economic systems, making such issues vital for local commerce and demonstrating regional autonomy.

Artistry: The artistry of this Pfennig, typical for a small denomination from a minor principality, reflects a provincial interpretation of late Renaissance numismatic style. While a specific engraver is unlikely to be known, the design would have been executed by a local die-cutter. The obverse typically features the Montfort arms, often three chevrons, sometimes surmounted by a crown or accompanied by the ruler's initial "U". The reverse would display the denomination, "1 PFENNIG", possibly with an abbreviated date or a cross. The overall design prioritizes legibility and heraldic identification over intricate artistic detail, characteristic of utilitarian small change.

Technical/Grading: Struck in billon, a low-grade silver alloy, the 1 Pfennig of Ulrich VIII frequently exhibits characteristics inherent to its composition and manufacturing. High-points for wear would typically be the raised elements of the heraldry, such as the points of the chevrons or any lettering. Due to the billon material, strikes are often weak, particularly in the centers, and planchet imperfections like irregular shapes or minor flaws are common. Original luster is rarely preserved, and the surfaces are susceptible to environmental toning or corrosion. A well-centered strike with full legends and clear heraldry would be considered exceptional for this type.