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1 Pfennig - Otto II
| Issuer | Bavaria, Duchy of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1231-1253 |
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| Composition | Silver |
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| Obverse description | Armored rider on horseback proceeding to the right, raising an upright sword in the right hand. The horse is depicted in a stylized, flat relief characteristic of 13th-century Bavarian bracteate-influenced pfennig coinage. The figure occupies the majority of the field, with the irregular flan edge visible around the periphery. No legend is present. |
|---|---|
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Otto II of Bavaria — "the Illustrious" — ruled during a period of aggressive territorial consolidation, and his coinage reflects the fragmented monetary reality of 13th-century German duchies, where local bracteate and thin-flan issues circulated alongside imperial coinage with no reliable standardization. The Wittelsbach mint output under Otto II is catalogued but imperfectly understood; Wittich and Emmerig disagree on attribution details for several types within this sequence.
The 22-year span assigned to this issue acknowledges genuine scholarly uncertainty about when specific dies entered and left production.