1 Pfennig - Abbach Portland-Abbach A. G.

Portland-Abbach A.G. was a cement works operating in Bad Abbach, Bavaria, on the Danube south of Regensburg. Like many German industrial firms in the late Wilhelmine and Weimar periods, it issued its own small-denomination Wertzmarken — factory tokens redeemable at company canteens or stores — to manage internal purchasing without relying on scarce state coinage. The zinc composition places this issue almost certainly in the World War I or immediate postwar window, when copper and nickel were reserved for the war economy.