1 Penny - Sihtric Anlafsson Crux type, bust left

Historical Context: This silver penny, a Crux type of Sihtric Anlafsson (Sigtrygg Silkbeard), represents the zenith of Hiberno-Norse Dublin's economic power (995-1020). Sihtric's long reign established a stable coinage, directly mirroring contemporary Anglo-Saxon issues, particularly Æthelred II's Crux type (c. 991-997). Dublin, as a premier maritime trading hub, utilized this coinage to facilitate extensive commerce across the Irish Sea and Scandinavia, asserting its independent, albeit culturally interconnected, sovereignty during a period of intense Viking activity and burgeoning native Irish influence.

Artistry: The artistic execution of this type is a direct, albeit often provincial, imitation of Æthelred II’s Crux issue (BMC type IIIa). While individual engravers remain anonymous and signatures are absent on these Hiberno-Norse issues, the dies were undoubtedly cut locally within Dublin. The stylistic school is derivative of Anglo-Saxon prototypes, yet often displays a characteristic crudeness in portraiture and legend execution, reflecting indigenous workshop practices rather than direct importation of English dies. This provincial interpretation contributes to its distinct Hiberno-Norse identity.

Technical/Grading: For optimal grading, key high-points include the clarity and definition of Sihtric’s bust on the obverse, specifically the facial features, drapery, and diadem. The obverse legend, often commencing SITRIC REX DYFLIN, should be as complete and legible as possible. On the reverse, the central cross of the Crux design, the letters CRVX in the angles, and the moneyer/mint signature (DYFLIN) are crucial. Well-centered strikes with full, unblundered legends on both sides, though challenging to find given typical planchet and strike irregularities, are paramount for superior specimens.