1 Penny - Edward III 4th coinage, Treaty period

Historical Context: This 1 Penny coin originates from Edward III's fourth coinage, struck during the Treaty period (1361-1369). This era followed the 1360 Treaty of Brétigny, a significant, albeit temporary, peace agreement amidst the Hundred Years' War. Edward III, a formidable monarch, oversaw considerable monetary reforms. This coinage reflects a period of relative stability, aiming to maintain a consistent currency standard crucial for trade and military financing during ongoing political complexities.

Artistry: The artistry adheres to the established English Gothic numismatic tradition. While individual engravers remain anonymous, the design reflects the standardized output of the Royal Mint, primarily London. The obverse features a facing, crowned bust of Edward III, typical regal portraiture, encircled by the king's name and title. The reverse displays a long cross pattee extending to the edge, with three pellets in each quarter, an iconic design element for English silver pennies since Henry III.

Technical/Grading: As a hammered silver coin, this Edward III Penny often exhibits characteristic medieval irregularities. High-points susceptible to wear or weakness include the king's crown, facial features, and the central points of the cross and pellets. Collectors frequently encounter examples with off-center strikes, irregular flan shapes, and varying strike pressure. Silver purity was generally high, though planchet quality could vary, typical for the period's production methods.