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1 Penning - Philip II Garden
| Issuer | Holland, County of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1573-1579 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Gulden (1506-1581) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
| Orientation | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Latin |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
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| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
Holland's copper penning issues of the 1570s were struck against the backdrop of the early Revolt against Spanish Habsburg rule — Philip II's administration in the Low Countries was simultaneously trying to suppress open rebellion and maintain functional local coinage. The "Garden" penning takes its informal name from the enclosed garden device used on the type, a common heraldic shorthand in the period. These were workhorse pieces, produced across multiple years and die combinations, which accounts for the a/b variant designation in the Gietman-Hengst reference.
The 1576 Pacification of Ghent briefly unified rebel and loyalist provinces, complicating attribution of coins struck in this window to either "Spanish" or "rebel" Holland.