1 Paisa - Gopal Rao Patwardhan Jamkhandi State

Jamkhandi was one of several small princely states carved out of the Maratha Confederacy's territory in the Deccan, assigned to branches of the Patwardhan family — a Brahmin clan that rose through military service to the Peshwas. Gopal Rao Patwardhan governed in the late 18th century, a period when the Confederacy itself was fragmenting under internal rivalries and mounting British pressure. Local copper coinage of this type circulated within tightly bounded regional economies, as Peshwa authority weakened and subsidiary chiefs increasingly acted as independent rulers in all but formal acknowledgment.