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| 正面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
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| 背面描述 | Three-line Devanagari inscription occupying the central field of the flan, arranged in a bold square grid format typical of Chandella gold jitals. The legend reads Sri Paramarddi Deva, identifying the issuing ruler Paramarddi (r. c. 1165–1203), the last ruling Chandella king of Bundelkhand. The akshara characters are rendered in a large, schematized Devanagari hand with pronounced raised relief. The flan edge is irregular and the field shows characteristic hammered surface texture. |
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| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | ND (1165-1200) |
| 附加信息 |
Paramarddi Deva ruled the Chandella kingdom through one of its most turbulent periods — his reign ended in 1203 when Qutb ud-Din Aibak's forces sacked Kalinjar, the dynasty's great hill fortress, effectively ending Chandella political power in Bundelkhand. These fractional gold issues circulated during the last decades before that collapse, when the kingdom was already absorbing pressure from the Ghurid advance across northern India.
The 11/8 masaka denomination reflects the Chandella adaptation of the ancient pana weight system, struck in fractions that suggest active small-denomination commercial use rather than purely ceremonial or tributary function.