1 Kopek Chechnya

Grozneft — the Grozny Oil Trust — issued these fractional notes in 1922 as surrogate currency to pay its own workers when Soviet monetary chaos made orthodox wage payment nearly impossible. The early NEP period had gutted confidence in central currency, and major industrial enterprises across the Caucasus resorted to issuing their own scrip redeemable against trust accounts rather than hard coin nobody could source.

These oil-sector chits are genuinely uncommon today. Most were either spent locally and worn to destruction or voided when the Soviet monetary reform of 1924 absorbed enterprise scrip into the new chervonets system.